Ayah Study
Surah Taa-Haa (سُورَةُ طه), Verse 51
Ayah 2399 of 6236 • Meccan
قَالَ فَمَا بَالُ ٱلْقُرُونِ ٱلْأُولَىٰ
Translations
The Noble Quran
English[Fir‘aun (Pharaoh)] said: "What about the generations of old?"
Muhammad Asad
Englishfor, behold, it has been revealed to us that [in the life to come] suffering shall befall all who give the lie to the truth and turn away [from it]!’
Fatah Muhammad Jalandhari
Urduکہا تو پہلی جماعتوں کا کیا حال؟
Tafsir (Commentary)
Tafsir al-Sa'di
Salafi Approvedفقال لموسى: { فَمَا بَالُ الْقُرُونِ الْأُولَى } أي: ما شأنهم، وما خبرهم؟ وكيف وصلت بهم الحال، وقد سبقونا إلى الإنكار والكفر، والظلم، والعناد، ولنا فيهم أسوة؟
Tafsir al-Muyassar
Salafi Approvedقال فرعون لموسى: فما شأن الأمم السابقة؟ وما خبر القرون الماضية، فقد سبقونا إلى الإنكار والكفر؟
Tafsir Ibn Kathir
Salafi Approved"قال فما بال القرون الأولى" أصح الأقوال في معنى ذلك أن فرعون لما أخبره موسى بأن ربه الذي أرسله هو الذي خلق ورزق وقدر فهدى شرع يحتج بالقرون الأولى أي الذين لم يعبدوا الله أي فما بالهم إذا كان الأمر كذلك لم يعبدوا ربك بل عبدوا غيره.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir
The Conversation between Musa and Fir`awn Allah, the Exalted, informs about Fir`awn that he said to Musa, in his rejection of the existence of a Supreme Maker and Creator, Who is the God of everything and his own Lord and Owner: فَمَن رَّبُّكُمَا يمُوسَى (Who then, O Musa, is the Lord of you two) meaning "Who is the one who called you forth and sent you For verily, I do not know him and I have not given you any god other than myself." قَالَ رَبُّنَا الَّذِى أَعْطَى كُلَّ شَىءٍ خَلْقَهُ ثُمَّ هَدَى ((Musa) said: "Our Lord is He Who gave to each thing its form and nature, then guided it aright.") `Ali bin Abi Talhah related that Ibn `Abbas said, "He is saying that He created a mate for everything." Ad-Dahhak said that Ibn `Abbas said, "He made the man a man, and the donkey a donkey and the sheep a sheep." Layth bin Abi Sulaym reported from Mujahid that he said, "He gave everything its form." Ibn Abi Najih said that Mujahid said, "He fashioned the creation of every moving creature." Sa`id bin Jubayr said concerning His statement, أَعْطَى كُلَّ شَىءٍ خَلْقَهُ ثُمَّ هَدَى ((Who) gave to each thing its form and nature, then guided it aright.) "He gave each of His creatures what is suitable for its creation." Therefore, He did not give man the form of a wild beast, nor did He give wild beasts the form of the dog. Likewise, the dog's form is not like the sheep's. He also gave creature a suitable spouse, and He influenced everything towards that mate. There is no species of creation that is exactly like another species. They are different in their actions, their forms, their sustenance and their mating. Some of the scholars of Tafsir have said that this statement, "He gave to each thing its form and nature, then guided it aright," is similar to Allah's statement, وَالَّذِى قَدَّرَ فَهَدَى (And Who has measured; and then guided.) 87:3 This means He measured out an ordained amount (of sustenance, actions, etc.) and then guided His creatures to it. He wrote the deeds, the appointed times of death and the provisions. Then, the creatures traverse upon that and they are not able to avoid it, nor are they able to abandon it. In this Ayah Musa is saying that our Lord is the One Who created the creation, measured out its ordainment and compelled the creatures to that which He wanted. قَالَ فَمَا بَالُ الْقُرُونِ الاٍّولَى ((Fir`awn) said: "What about the generations of old") The most correct opinion concerning the meaning of this, is that when Musa informed Fir`awn that his Lord Who sent him is the One Who creates, sustains, ordains and guides, Fir`awn began to argue, using the previous generations as a proof. He was referring to those people of old who did not worship Allah. In other words, "If the matter is as you say, then what happened to those people They did not worship your Lord. Instead they worshipped other gods besides Him." Musa said to him, in response to this, that if they did not worship Allah, then Allah knows precisely what happened to them and He will give them just recompense for their deeds, as is written in Allah's Book (of decrees). This Book is called Al-Lawh Al-Mahfuz (The Preserved Tablet) and it is the Book of Deeds. لاَّ يَضِلُّ رَبِّى وَلاَ يَنسَى (My Lord neither errs nor forgets.) This means that nothing eludes Him and He does not miss anything, whether it is small or great. He does not forget anything and His Most Exalted knowledge is described as encompassing everything. Blessed be He, the Exalted, the Most Holy and free of any imperfections. The knowledge that creatures have has two deficiencies. The first is that it does not completely encompass anything, and the second is that the creature is prone to forget after knowing. Therefore, Allah has declared Himself above such deficiencies.
Tafsir Ibn Kathir
Salafi Approvedمکالمات موسیٰ ؑ اور فرعون۔ چونکہ یہ ناہنجار یعنی فرعون مصر وجود باری تعالیٰ کا منکر تھا۔ پیغام الٰہی کلیم اللہ کی زبانی سن کر وجود خالق کے انکار کے طور پر سوال کرنے لگا کہ تمہارا بھیجنے والا اور تمہارا رب کون ہے میں تو اسے نہیں جانتا نہ اسے مانتا ہوں۔ بلکہ میری دانست میں تو تم سب کا رب میرے سوا اور کوئی نہیں۔ اللہ کے سچے رسول ﷺ نے جواب دیا کہ ہمارا رب وہ ہے جس نے ہر شخص کو اس کا جوڑا عطا فرمایا ہے انسان کو بصورت انسان، گدھے کو اس کی صورت پر، بکری کو ایک علیحدہ صورت پر پیدا فرمایا ہے۔ ہر ایک کو اس کی مخصوص صورت میں بنایا ہے۔ ہر ایک کی پیدائش نرالی شان سے درست کردی ہے۔ انسانی پیدائش کا طریقہ الگ چوپائے الگ صورت میں ہیں درندے الگ وضع میں ہیں۔ ہر ایک کے جوڑے کی ہئیت ترکیبی علیحدہ ہے۔ کھانا پینا کھانے پینے کی چیزیں جوڑے سب الگ الگ اور ممتاز و مخصوص ہیں۔ ہر ایک کا انداز مقرر کر کے پھر اس کی ترکیب اسے بتلا دی ہے۔ عمل اجل رزق مقدر اور مقرر کر کے اسی پر لگا دیا ہے نظام کے ساتھ ساری مخلوق کا کارخانہ چل رہا ہے۔ کوئی اس سے ادھر ادھر نہیں ہوسکتا۔ خلق کا خالق تقدیروں کا مقرر کرنے والا اپنے ارادے پر مخلوق کی پیدائش کرنے والا ہی ہمارا رب ہے۔ یہ سب سن کر اس بےسمجھ نے پوچھا کہ اچھا تو پھر ان کا کیا حال ہے جو ہم سے پہلے تھے اور اللہ کی عبادت کے منکر تھے ؟ اس سوال کو اس نے اہمیت کے ساتھ بیان کیا۔ لیکن اللہ کے پیغمبر ؑ نے ایسا جواب دیا کہ عاجز ہوگیا۔ فرمایا ان سب کا علم میرے رب کو ہے۔ لوح محفوظ میں ان کے اعمال لکھے ہوئے ہیں، جزا سزا کا دن مقرر ہے نہ وہ غلط کرے کہ کوئی چھوٹا بڑا اس کی پکڑ سے چھوٹ جائے نہ وہ بھولے کہ مجرم اس کی گرفت سے رہ جائیں۔ اس کا علم تمام چیزوں کو اپنے میں گھیرے ہوئے ہے۔ اسکی ذات بھول چوک سے پاک ہے، نہ اس کے علم سے کوئی چیز باہر، نہ علم کے بعد بھول جانے کا اس کا وصف، وہ کمی علم کے نقصان سے وہ بھول کے نقصان سے پاک ہے۔
Additional Authentic Tafsir Resources
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Tafsir Ibn Kathir
The greatest of tafseers - interprets Quran with Quran, Sunnah, Salaf statements, and Arabic
Tafsir As-Sa'di
Excellent tafsir by Shaykh Abdur-Rahman As-Sa'di - simple expressions with tremendous knowledge
Tafsir At-Tabari
Comprehensive and all-inclusive tafsir by Ibn Jarir At-Tabari - earliest major running commentary
Tafsir Al-Baghawi
Trustworthy classical tafsir - Ma'alim al-Tanzil by Al-Husayn ibn Mas'ud al-Baghawi
Scholarly Recommendation: These four tafseers are highly recommended by scholars. Tafsir Ibn Kathir is considered the greatest for its methodology of interpreting Quran with Quran, then Sunnah, then Salaf statements, and finally Arabic language. Tafsir As-Sa'di is excellent for its clarity and simple expressions. All sources are authentic and freely accessible.
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Additional Tafsir Resources (Altafsir.com)
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